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四 時 之 脈 以 胃 氣 為本 qi of the stomach is a basis of pulse during four seasons

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十 五 難 15th difficulty
Shí wǔ nán
論 四 時 之 脈 以 胃 氣 為本 qi of the stomach is a basis of pulse during four seasons
Lùn sì shí zhī mài yǐ wèi qì wéi běn
十 五 難 曰 :15th difficulty says
Shí wǔ nán yuē
經 言 : treateses say
Jīng yán
春 脈 弦 , spring pulse as a bow string
Chūn mài xián
夏 脈 鉤 , summer pulse is like a hook
Xià mài gōu
秋 脈 毛 , autumn pulse is like a hair
Qiū mài máo
冬 脈 石。 Winter pulse is like a stone
Dōng mài shí
是 王 脈 耶 ?what manage form of the pulse
Shì wáng mài yē?
 將 病 脈 也 ? 然 : how check disease of pulse? explanation
Jiāng bìng mài yě? Rán
弦 鉤 毛 石 者 , bow string, hook, hair and stone
Xián gōu máo shí zhě
四 時 之 脈也 。are pulses of four seasons
Sì shí zhī mài yě

spring

​春 脈 弦 者 , pulse of the spring is bow string
Chūn mài xián zhě
肝 東 方 木 也 , of the liver, east direction and wood
Gān dōng fāng mù yě
萬 物 始 生 , when miriade of things start to live
Wàn wù shǐ shēng
未 有 枝 葉 , branches and foliage grow
故其 脈 之 來 , therefore pulse becomes
Gù qí mài zhī lái
濡 弱 而 長 immersed, weak and long
Rú ruò ér zhǎng,
故 曰 弦 。 known as bow string
Gù yuē xián

summer

​夏 脈 鉤 者 ,summer pulse is a hook
Xià mài gōu zhě
心 南 方 火 也,heart south direction, fire
 Xīn nán fāng huǒ yě
萬 物 之 所 茂 , everything is florishing
Wàn wù zhī suǒ mào
垂 枝 布 葉 , branches are bending down under weight of foliage
Chuí zhī bù yè
皆 下 曲 如 鉤 ,all bent down as if it is a hook
Jiē xià qū rú gōu
故 其 脈 之 來 疾去 遲 , so they say about arrival of slow disease by pulse
Gù qí mài zhī lái jí qù chí
故 曰 鉤 。 therefore saying hook
Gù yuē gōu

autumn

​秋 脈 毛 者 ,pulse of the autumn is as a hair
Qiū mài máo zhě
脈 西 方 金 也 , vessels, west direction, metal
Mài xīfāng jīn yě
萬 物 之 所 終 ,when miriades of things are finishing their cycle
Wàn wù zhī suǒ zhōng
草 木 華 葉 ,grass, trees, foliage and flowers
Cǎo mù huá yè
皆 秋 而 落 ,all fall in the autumn
Jiē qiū ér luò
其 枝 獨 在 ,leaving branches naked/ exposed/ alone
Qí zhī dú zài
若 毫 毛 也 ,as a hair
Ruò háo máo yě
故 其 脈 之來 ,arrival of pulse wave
Gù qí mài zhī lái
輕 虛 以 浮 , is light, empty and superficial
Qīng xū yǐ fú
故 曰 毛 。known as hair
 Gù yuē máo

winter

​冬 脈 石 者 , winter’s pulse is as a stone
Dōng mài shí zhě
腎 北 方 水 也 ,kidney, north direction, water
Shèn běifāng shuǐ yě
萬 物 之 所 藏 也 , when miriades of things are covering up
Wàn wù zhī suǒ cáng yě
盛 冬 之 時 , season of deep winter
Shèng dōng zhī shí
水 凝 如 石 , water congeals as a stone
Shuǐ níng rú shí
故 其 脈 之 來 , therefore arrival of pulse wave
Gù qí mài zhī lái
沉 濡 而滑 ,is deep, immerse and slippery /water over the bones
Chén rú ér huá
故 曰 石 。 therefore as a stone
Gù yuē shí
​此 四 時 之 脈 也 。they are pulses of four seasons
Cǐ sì shí zhī mài yě
如 有 變 柰 何 ?so what are their changes?
Rú yǒu biàn nài hé?

spring

​然 : 春 脈 弦 , explanation, spring healthy pulse is of bow string
Rán: Chūn mài xián
反 者 為 病 。 different shows disease
Fǎn zhě wèi bìng
何 謂 反 ? 然 :what are these differences?
Héwèi fǎn? Rán  
其 氣 來 實 強 ,when qi arrives full and strong
Qí qì lái shí qiáng
是 謂 太 過 ,known as great excess
Shì wèi tài guò
病 在 外 ; disease is outside
Bìng zài wài
氣 來 虛 微 , when qi arrives empty and microscopic
Qì lái xū wēi
是 謂 不 及 , known as not reaching
Shì wèi bù jí
病 在 內 。 disease is inside
Bìng zài nèi
氣來 厭 厭 聶 聶 ,when qi arrives tranquil, serene and wispering
Qì lái yàn yàn niè niè
如 循 榆 葉 曰 平 ; obidient as leaf of elm so it is leveled/ healthy
Rú xún yú yè yuē píng
益 實 而 滑 , if increasing, full and slippery
Yì shí ér huá
如 循 長 竿 曰 病; as obedient long pole it is disease
Rú xún zhǎng gān yuē bìng
急 而 勁 益 強 ,rapid with increasing strength
 Jí ér jìn yì qiáng
如 新 張 弓 弦 曰 死 。 therefore as a string of freshly stretched bow, say about a death
Rú xīn zhāng gong xián yuē sǐ
春 脈 微 弦 曰 平 , spring pulse is microscopic and like string, it is healthy/ leveled
Chūn mài wēi xián yuē píng
弦 多胃 氣 少 曰 病 ,as string and fast with little qi of the stomach means disease
Xián duō wèi qì shǎo yuē bìng
但 弦 無 胃 氣 曰 死 , but if it is like string with not qi in the stomach it is death
Dàn xián wú wèi qì yuē sǐ
春 以 胃 氣 為 本 。in spring qi of the stomach is a basis of the body
Chūn yǐ wèi qì wéi běn

summer

夏 脈 鉤 , summer’s normal pulse is like a hook
Xià mài gōu
反 者 為 病 。if not, it is a disease
Fǎn zhě wèi bìng
何 謂 反 ? 然 : which are different pulses? explanation
Héwèi fǎn? Rán:
其 氣 來 實 強 , when qi arrives as full and strong
Qí qì lái shí qiáng
是 謂太 過 ,it is great excess
 Shì wèi tài guò
病 在 外 ; disease is superficial
Bìng zài wài
氣 來 虛 微 , when qi arrives empty and microscopic
Qì lái xū wēi
是 謂 不 及 , it is known as not achieving
Shì wèi bùjí
病 在 內 。 disease is inside
Bìng zài nèi
其 脈 來累 累 如 環 ,when pulse arrives exhausted is like huang ring
Qí mài lái lèi lèi rú huán
如 循 琅 玕 曰 平 ;obidiently rolling as pendant, it is healthy/ leveled
 Rú xún láng gān yuē píng
來 而 益 數 , increasing and fast
Lái ér yì shù
如 雞 舉 足 者 曰 病;as movement of chicken wings it is a disease
 Rú jī jǔ zú zhě yuē bìng
前 曲 後 居 ,bending with resistance
Qián qū hòu jū
如 操 帶 鉤 曰 死 。therefore bending as a hook during the pressure it is a the death
Rú cāo dài gōu yuē sǐ
夏 脈 微 鉤 曰 平 ,at the summer pulse microscopic and like a hook is levelled/ healthy
Xià mài wēi gōu yuē píng
鉤 多 胃 氣少 曰 病 , pulse as a hook but fast and qi of the stomach is weak, it is a disease
Gōu duō wèi qì shǎo yuē bìng
但 鉤 無 胃 氣 曰 死 ,as hook but without qi in the stomach, it is a death
 Dàn gōu wú wèi qì yuē sǐ
夏 以 胃 氣 為 本 。in summer qi of the stomach is basis of the body
Xià yǐ wèi qì wéi běn

autumn

​秋 脈 毛 , pulse of autumn is like a hair
Qiū mài máo
反 者 為 病 。if it is different, it is a disease
Fǎn zhě wèi bìng
何 謂 反 ? 然 :what kind of different pulses? explanation
Héwèi fǎn? Rán
其 氣 來 實 強 ,qi arrives full and strong
Qí qì lái shí qiáng
是 謂太 過 , it is known as great excess
Shì wèi tài guò
病 在 外 ; disease is on the surface
Bìng zàiwài
氣 來 虛 微 ,qi arrives empty and microscopic
Qì lái xū wēi
是 謂 不 及 ,it is known as not achieving
 Shì wèi bù jí
病 在 內 。disease is inside
Bìng zài nèi
其 脈 來藹 藹 如 車 蓋 , when pulse is exhuberant as cover of carriage
Qí mài lái ǎi'ǎi rú chē gài
按 之 益 大 曰 平 ; large and increasing under pressure, so it is healthy
Àn zhī yì dà yuē píng
不 上 不 下 , not high not low
Bù shàng bùxià
如 循 雞 羽 曰 病; obedient as feather of chicken, they say about disease
Rú xún jī yǔ yuē bìng
按 之 蕭 索 , as a bamboo and large rope under pressure
Àn zhī xiāo suǒ
如 風 吹 毛 曰 死 。 or as hair bending under the blow of the wind, it is a death
Rú fēng chuī máo yuē sǐ
秋 脈 微 毛 曰 平 ,if pulse of the autumn is as a hair so they say is levelled/ healthy
Qiū mài wēi máo yuē píng
毛 多 胃 氣少 曰 病 ,if like hair, fast and little qi in the stomach it is a disease
 Máo duō wèi qì shǎo yuē bìng
但 毛 無 胃 氣 曰 死 ,if pulse is like a hair without qi in the stomach it is death
Dàn máo wú wèi qì yuē sǐ
秋 以 胃 氣 為 本 。as at autumn qi of stomach is a basis of the body
Qiū yǐ wèi qì wéi běn

winter

​冬 脈 石 ,pulse of the winter is like a stone
Dōng mài shí
反 者 為 病 。 if different it is a disease
Fǎn zhě wèi bìng
何 謂 反 ? 然 : so what are the different pulses?
Hé wèi fǎn? Rán
其 氣 來 實 強 , qi arrives full and strong
Qí qì lái shí qiáng
是 謂太 過 ,it is known as great excess
 Shì wèi tàiguò
病 在 外 ;disease is outside
Bìng zàiwài
氣 來 虛 微 ,qi arrives empty and microscopic
Qì lái xū wēi
是 謂 不 及 , it is known as not achieving
Shì wèi bùjí
病 在 內 。disease is inside
Bìng zài nèi
脈 來 上大 下 兌 ,pulse arrives large on the top and additional in the bottom
Mài lái shàng dà xià duì
濡 滑 如 雀 之 啄 曰 平 ;immersing and slippery as pecking of sparrow it is healthy
Rú huá rú què zhī zhuó yuē píng
啄 啄 連 屬 , if it is pecking, repetitive and obedient
Zhuó zhuó lián shǔ
其 中 微 曲 曰 病;but microscopic and bent inside it is a disease
Qí zhōng wēi qū yuē bìng
來 解 索 , arriving wave is separated and isolated
Lái jiě suǒ
去 如 彈 石 曰 死 。 moving as stone bullets it is a death
Qù rú dàn shí yuē sǐ
冬 脈 微 石 曰 平 ,if  pulse of the winter microscopic and as a stone is levelled/ healthy
Dōng mài wēi shí yuē píng
石 多 胃 氣 少曰 病 , if as a stone but fast with little qi in the stomach it is a disease
Shí duō wèi qì shǎo yuē bìng
但 石 無 胃 曰 死 ,if pulse is like a stone but no qi in the stomach it is a death
Dàn shí wú wèi yuē sǐ
冬 以 胃 氣 為 本 。because in winter qi of stomach is a basis of the body
Dōng yǐ wèi qì wéi běn
胃 者 水 穀 之 海 , stomach is a sea of grains and water
Wèi zhě shuǐ gǔ zhī hǎi
主 稟 四 時 , primary measure of four seasons/ it’s manager
Zhǔ bǐng sì shí
皆 以 胃 氣 為 本 ,it is why they say that stomach qi is a basis
Jiē yǐ wèi qì wéi běn
是 謂 四 時之 變 病 , it is change of disease during four seasons
Shì wèi sì shí zhī biàn bìng
死 生 之 要 會 也 。and important meeting of death and life
Sǐ shēng zhī yào huì yě 
脾 者 中 州 也 ,spleen is a centre of the state
Pí zhě zhōng zhōu yě
其 平 和 不 可 得 見 ,when it is leveled, healthy it’s signs are invisible
Qí pínghé bùkě dé jiàn
衰 乃 見 耳 。but during decay it’s signs are visible outside
 Shuāi nǎi jiàn ěr
來 如 雀 之啄 , pulse is becoming as pecking of the sparrow
Lái rú què zhī zhuó
如 水 之 下 漏 ,or the water running from water clock
Rúshuǐ zhī xià lòu
是 脾 衰 見 也 。it is how decay of spleen is visible
Shì pí shuāi jiàn yě
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